For another fun example, see Finding the edge of a Poisson forest, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-applied-probability/article/abs/finding-the-edge-of-a-poisson-forest/778E3AE6F2669F1759BE8C14A38DF57F, for calculating the *area* a sample of set of points came from via the convex hull of a set of points.

Imagine the shape of the area is a circle, the convex hull will always be too small, but this downward bias gets smaller with a larger sample. The linked paper estimates a scaling factor to enlarge the convex hull, and this factor is based on the ratio of the number of points on the hull to the total sample.